For each clause: (a) Clause type (Verbal VSO / Verbal — fronted / Verbless / Waw-disjunctive / Circumstantial), (b) Identify the main verb and its conjugation (if any), (c) Identify what is fronted (if anything) and why, (d) Provide the full English gloss.
Identify subject, verb, and object in their expected positions.
| # | Hebrew | Clause Type | Verb & Conjugation | Subject | Object/Predicate | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | וַיִּבְרָ֨א אֱלֹהִ֤ים אֶת-הָ/אָדָ֙ם֙ (Gen 1:27) | ||||||
| Type: Verbal VSO | Verb: וַיִּבְרָ֨א — Wayyiqtol Qal 3ms | Subject: אֱלֹהִ֤ים | Object: אֶת-הָאָדָ֙ם֙ (definite, marked by אֵת) | Gloss: "And God created man" | |||||||
| 2 | וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל-מֹשֶׁ֖ה (Exo 3:7) | ||||||
| Type: Verbal VSO | Verb: וַיֹּ֤אמֶר — Wayyiqtol Qal 3ms | Subject: יְהוָ֔ה | Object: אֶל-מֹשֶׁ֖ה (PP) | Gloss: "And the LORD said to Moses" | |||||||
| 3 | שָׁמְע֖וּ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל (Deu 6:4 opening) | ||||||
| Type: Verbal VSO | Verb: שָׁמְע֖וּ — Qal Imperative 2mp | Subject: — (addressed; בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל is vocative) | Object: — | Gloss: "Hear, O Israel" (Imperative + subject vocative) | |||||||
| 4 | וַיַּ֥רְא אֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶת-הָ/אוֹר֑ (Gen 1:4) | ||||||
| Type: Verbal VSO | Verb: וַיַּ֥רְא — Wayyiqtol Qal 3ms | Subject: אֱלֹהִ֖ים | Object: אֶת-הָאוֹר֑ | Gloss: "And God saw the light" | |||||||
Identify the fronted element, its type, and the rhetorical function of the fronting.
| # | Hebrew | What is fronted? | Type of element | Why fronted? | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | הַ/יּ֖וֹם יָלַ֥דְתִּי (Psa 2:7) | |||||
| Fronted: הַ/יּ֖וֹם | Type: Temporal adverb | Why: Emphatic — "*Today* (not another day) I have begotten you" | Gloss: "Today I have begotten you" | ||||||
| 6 | וְאֶל-קַ֥יִן וְאֶל-מִנְחָת֖וֹ לֹ֥א שָׁעָֽה (Gen 4:5) | |||||
| Fronted: אֶל-קַ֥יִן | Type: Prepositional phrase | Why: Contrast — "*To Cain* (in contrast to Abel) he did not look" | Gloss: "But to Cain and his offering he did not pay attention" | ||||||
| 7 | אֶת-הָ/אָ֖רֶץ הַ/זֹּ֑את אֶתֵּ֥ן לְ/זַרְעֲ/ךָ֖ (Gen 12:7) | |||||
| Fronted: אֶת-הָאָ֖רֶץ הַזֹּ֑את | Type: Direct object (definite, אֵת-marked) | Why: Emphasis on the object — "*This land* I will give" — the land itself is the focus | Gloss: "This land I will give to your offspring" | ||||||
| 8 | בְּ/צֶ֥לֶם אֱלֹהִ֖ים בָּרָ֣א אֹת֑וֹ (Gen 1:27b) | |||||
| Fronted: בְּצֶ֥לֶם אֱלֹהִ֖ים | Type: Prepositional phrase | Why: Chiastic emphasis — "in God's image" is the central theological point of the verse | Gloss: "In the image of God he created him" | ||||||
Identify the subject and predicate. State the implied copula (is/was/were).
| # | Hebrew | Subject | Predicate | Implied copula | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9 | יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ יְהוָ֥ה אֶחָֽד (Deu 6:4b) | |||||
| Subject: יְהוָ֥ה | Predicate: אֱלֹהֵ֖ינוּ / אֶחָֽד | Copula: is | Gloss: "The LORD is our God; the LORD is one" — two verbless clauses | ||||||
| 10 | טוֹב֙ הָ/אוֹר֑ (Gen 1:4) | |||||
| Subject: הָאוֹר֑ | Predicate: טוֹב (predicate adjective, fronted before subject) | Copula: was | Gloss: "The light was good" | ||||||
| 11 | אָנֹכִ֖י יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ (Exo 20:2) | |||||
| Subject: אָנֹכִ֖י | Predicate: יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֑יךָ | Copula: am | Gloss: "I am the LORD your God" — divine self-identification formula | ||||||
| 12 | הֲ/שֹׁמֵ֥ר אָחִ֖י אָנֹֽכִי (Gen 4:9) | |||||
| Subject: אָנֹכִי | Predicate: שֹׁמֵ֥ר (predicate participle) | Copula: am | Gloss: "Am I my brother's keeper?" — interrogative verbless clause; ה interrogative prefix | ||||||
Identify the function of each clause: Background / Contrast / Simultaneous circumstance.
| # | Hebrew | First element after וְ | Function | Relation to main narrative | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 13 | וְהָ/אָ֗רֶץ הָיְתָ֥ה תֹ֙הוּ֙ וָ/בֹ֔הוּ (Gen 1:2) | |||||
| First element: הָאָ֗רֶץ (noun) | Function: Background | Relation: Off-narrative line — sets the scene before creation begins | Gloss: "Now the earth was formless and empty" | ||||||
| 14 | וְה֗וּא יֹשֵׁ֤ב פֶּֽתַח-הָ/אֹ֙הֶל֙ (Gen 18:1) | |||||
| First element: הוּא (pronoun) + יֹשֵׁ֤ב (participle) | Function: Simultaneous circumstance | Relation: Describes what Abraham was doing when the LORD appeared | Gloss: "while he was sitting at the entrance of the tent" | ||||||
| 15 | וְהַ/נָּחָשׁ֙ הָיָ֣ה עָר֔וּם (Gen 3:1) | |||||
| First element: הַנָּחָשׁ (noun) | Function: Background | Relation: Introduces the serpent before his speech | Gloss: "Now the serpent was more crafty than any beast" | ||||||
| 16 | וְהוּא֙ לֹ֣א יָדַ֔ע כִּ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עָזְבֽוֹ (Jdg 16:20) | |||||
| First element: הוּא (pronoun) | Function: Contrast/irony | Relation: Contrasts Samson's action with the devastating fact of his ignorance | Gloss: "but he did not know that the LORD had left him" | ||||||
Identify clause type and describe any special features.
| # | Hebrew | Clause type | Special feature | Gloss | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 17 | בְּ/רֵאשִׁ֖ית בָּרָ֣א אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֵ֥ת הַ/שָּׁמַ֖יִם וְאֵ֥ת הָ/אָֽרֶץ (Gen 1:1) | ||||
| Type: Verbal — PP fronted | Special feature: Temporal PP בְּרֵאשִׁ֖ית fronted to establish the opening time frame; VSO order follows | Gloss: "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth" | |||||
| 18 | הִנֵּ֥ה אָנֹכִ֖י שֹׁלֵ֥חַ מַלְאָ֖ךְ לְ/פָנֶ֑יךָ (Exo 23:20) | ||||
| Type: Verbless / Presentative | Special feature: הִנֵּה introduces a vivid present scene; pronoun + participle = verbless predicate construction | Gloss: "Behold, I am sending an angel before you" | |||||
| 19 | וְאָהַבְתָּ֙ אֵ֣ת יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ (Deu 6:5) | ||||
| Type: Verbal — Weqatal | Special feature: Weqatal continues the command of שְׁמַ֖ע (Deu 6:4); sequential imperatival force | Gloss: "And you shall love the LORD your God" | |||||
| 20 | כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין אֱלֹהִים֙ זוּלָ֣תִי (Deu 32:39) | ||||
| Type: Verbless / Existence | Special feature: אֵין = non-existence particle; subject אֱלֹהִים + predicate זוּלָתִי ("besides me"); כִּי = emphatic ("for/indeed") | Gloss: "For there is no God besides me" | |||||